Kazimzade Aysu İlham,
Master’s student, Maritime and Energy Law specialization, Faculty of Law, Baku State University.
E-mail: [email protected]
The purpose of the convention is to define and regulate the rights and obligations of the parties in relation to the Caspian Sea, including its waters, bottom, subsoil, natural resources and airspace. The Convention establishes various regimes for the marine area, territorial waters, fishing zones, bottom and subsoil of the Caspian Sea. The parties agreed on the delimitation of national zones and sovereignty, the implementation of subsoil use rights, transit and transportation, the laying of underwater pipelines and cables, the protection of the natural environment and biological resources, security and cooperation in the Caspian region. The convention also prohibits the presence in the Caspian of armed forces not belonging to the parties to the treaty, and makes the five Caspian littoral states responsible for maintaining maritime security and managing its resources. The Convention is the result of more than 20 years of negotiations between the parties, which began in 1996 with the creation of a special working group at the level of deputy foreign ministers. Currently, the parties are carrying out domestic procedures for ratification of the Convention, which will come into force on the date of receipt by the depositary of the Convention (the Republic of Kazakhstan) of the fifth instrument of ratification.
Main part
The Aktau Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea is an international treaty signed on August 12, 2018 by the heads of the five Caspian states in the Kazakh city of Aktau. This agreement defines the rights and obligations of the parties with respect to the Caspian Sea, including its waters, bottom, subsoil, natural resources and airspace. The participating countries of the Aktau Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea are as follows:
– The Republic of Azerbaijan
– Islamic Republic of Iran
– The Republic of Kazakhstan
– Russian Federation
– Turkmenistan
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